Current Issue : July-September Volume : 2023 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Age determination is important for forensic evaluation and for determining criminal responsibility. Based on the development of permanent teeth, the Demirjian staging evaluation key is commonly used in research for estimating age using teeth developmental stage. The purpose of the current study was to correlate the dental developmental age of third molar teeth with the chronological age of adolescent patients. This study evaluated 324 panorex images of Israeli patients aged 8–21 years with known birth dates and genders. The dental developmental stage was compared to the patient’s chronological age by gender and side (right/left and upper/lower jaws). This study also attempted to predict the patient’s age using the third molar developmental stage. The study included 179 male and 145 female patients. There was no statistical difference between the right and left sides of the upper or lower teeth. A strong correlation was found between third molar development and chronological age for both the maxilla and mandible. In 100% of cases, patients in developmental stage >5 were over 12 years old in the maxilla and in 97% of cases, were over 12 years old in the mandible. Patients in developmental stage >6 were over 14 years old in 100% of cases in both the maxilla and mandible. Patients in developmental stage >7 were over 16 years old in 100% of cases in both the maxilla and mandible. This study found that third molars can be used to accurately estimate age in a narrow age range, with a strong correlation between third molar development and chronological age. Further research may be needed to understand the utility of this method and its possible usage in different countries around the world....
Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is considered a benign intraosseous lesion with a varied range of clinical features in two subtypes, including aggressive and non-aggressive lesions. This study presents a 9-year-old boy with multiple bilateral CGCG in the mandible without any systemic disease or specific syndrome. Clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings demonstrated the aggressive lesions. It is discussed how the differential diagnosis and treatment can be determined based on the patient’s age as well as the size and manner of the lesion....
Oral nicotine pouches are emerging as a new “modern oral” nicotine product. These prefilled pouches contain nicotine, flavorings, and filling agents that dissolve in the mouth. Nicotine can be derived from tobacco leaf or chemical synthesis. Traces of TSNAs and toxic chromium were detected in the pouch products. This raises the concern about general and periodontal health. This review aims to update the current oral nicotine products research relating to periodontal disease and its relevance in periodontal inflammation. Nicotine interacts with host cells and affects inflammatory responses to microbial challenges. It may directly or indirectly deteriorate periodontal tissues by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, repressing PDL fibroblasts cells, increasing cellular ROS and cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, breaking microbiota balance, and dysregulating miRNAs expression. Studies show that appealing flavorings contained in nicotine pouches pose harm to periodontal innate immune responses and increase penetration of nitrosamines. In addition, flavored ONPs increase the risk of dual or poly-tobacco products among young adults, stacking up detrimental effects on the periodontium. Given the recent growth of users, further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of ONPs, even poly-tobacco use, on systemic and periodontal health. Moreover, policymakers should ensure to avoid generating a new wave of nicotine addiction among youths in the U.S....
Stainless-Steel Crown (SSC) placement is a common treatment in children, usually without significant adverse consequences. The present case series reports six healthy children were admitted to emergency rooms in two medical centers with delayed excessive bleeding from their gingiva, adjacent to newly placed SSCs. The bleeding, in some cases, was so extensive, that it induced vomiting and anxiety, among the children and their parents, and in two cases required surgical suturing. In all six cases, the most probable etiology was a toxic reaction to the released nickel or chromium ions from the SSCs, exacerbated by contact with wounded and bleeding gingiva. Expression of this cytotoxic mode of action, due to metal ions released from SSCs, is not well documented in children. Our aims are to raise awareness of this unique complication and to suggest an approach to minimize and prevent its occurrence. Recommended immediate treatment includes frequent rinsing of the gingiva to wash out released metal ions and decrease their toxic effect. Furthermore, in the following appointments, we recommend using only SSCs previously soaked in water for several weeks, using zirconia crowns, or using Hall’s technique when appropriate....
Diabetes mellitus has been regarded as a condition capable of influencing the evolution of periapical lesions. Therefore, this study evaluated the immunoexpression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17 in apical periodontitis from type 2 diabetic patients through immunohistochemistry. Twenty-six periapical lesions were selected, and the images obtained through immunohistochemistry reactions were analyzed. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. IL-1β expression was considered focal (54%), weak to moderate (38%), and strong (8%) in diabetics, and focal (46%), weak to moderate (31%), and strong (23%), in controls. TNF-α was focal (85%) and weak to moderate (15%) in diabetics, and focal (92%) and weak to moderate (8%), in controls. IL-17 was focal (8%), weak to moderate (46%), and strong (46%) in diabetics, and focal (62%), weak to moderate (8%), and strong (30%), in controls. The quantitative analysis revealed greater expression of IL-17, with a significant difference between IL-17 × IL-1β × TNF- α (p 0.0009) in the diabetic group. The cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α did not express statistical differences between the tested groups. TheIL-17 showed higher immunoexpression in the diabetic group (p 0.047), which may suggest higher bone resorption activity in chronic apical periodontitis in this group of patients....
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